2017년 한국사회과학조사

이 책은 급격히 변화하는 한국 사회를 이해하기 위해서 다양한 사회현상과 관련 요인을 정확하게 측정해주는 사회과학 조사의 필요성을 느껴 한국사회에서 가장 이슈화되고 있는 불평등, 저출산·고령화, 성역할 문항들을 포함시킴으로써, 오늘날 한국사회가 직면 하고 있는 생산영역과 재생산영역에서의 지속가능성 문제 해결을 위한 경험적 근거를 제공하여 연구자 뿐만 아니라 한국사회의 현재를 이해하고자 하는 일반시민, 정책수립자, 언론인 등 모든 사람들에게 귀중한 자료가 될 책이다.

Ⅰ. 조사 개요 01. 배경 및 목적 1. 사업의 배경 ····················································································· 27 2. 사업의 목적 ····················································································· 27 3. 사업의 장점 ····················································································· 28 02. 표본 설계 1. 2016년 한국사회과학조사의 유효 표본 Flow ···································· 30 2. 1차조사 표본 추출 ············································································ 31 2.1. 모집단 정의 ·························································································· 31 2.2. 표본추출틀 ·························································································· 31 2.3. 모집단 층화 ·························································································· 32 2.4. 층별 표본배분 ······················································································ 33 2.5. 표본 추출 ····························································································· 35 2.6. 가중치 적용 ·························································································· 35 3. 2차조사 표본 추출 ············································································ 36 4. 표본 오차 ························································································· 36 03. 조사 설계 1. 1차조사 조사 설계 ············································································ 37 2. 2차조사 조사 설계 ············································································ 38 04. 실사 관리 ························································································· 39 05. 자료 입력 및 처리 1. 1차 조사 자료 입력 및 처리 ······························································· 40 1.1. 자료 검증 및 대체 ················································································· 40 1.2. 자료 입력 및 분석 ················································································· 40 2. 2차 조사 자료 입력 및 처리 ······························································· 41 2.1. 자료 검증 및 대체 ················································································· 41 2.2. 자료 입력 및 분석 ················································································· 41 2.3. 가중치 적용 ·························································································· 41 3. 통합 데이터 구축 ·············································································· 42 06. 조사 문항 1. 전반적 구성 형태 ·············································································· 43 2. 사회지표 문항 ·················································································· 44 3. 연구주제 문항 ·················································································· 44 4. 1차조사 문항 종합표 ········································································ 45 5. 2차조사 문항 종합표 ········································································ 48 07. 응답자 특성 1. 1차조사 응답자 특성 ········································································ 50 2. 2차조사 응답자 특성 ········································································ 52 Ⅱ. 조사 결과 01. 국가관/민족 1. 한국 국민으로서의 자긍심 ································································ 57 2. 한국 역사에 대한 자긍심 ·································································· 59 2.1. 한국 역사 전반 ····················································································· 59 2.2. 고대사 ································································································· 61 2.3. 중세사 ································································································· 63 2.4. 근현대사 ······························································································ 65 3. 남북통일의 필요성 ··········································································· 67 4. 탈북자/새터민에 대한 친근감 ··························································· 69 5. 다문화가정에 대한 친근감 ································································ 71 02. 사회신뢰와 갈등/계층의식 1. 한국에 대한 신뢰도 ·········································································· 73 1.1. 한국 사회 신뢰도 ················································································· 73 1.2. 한국인 신뢰도 ····················································································· 75 2. 주요 사회기관 신뢰도 ······································································· 77 2.1. 중앙정부 ······························································································ 77 2.2. 지방자치단체 ······················································································· 79 2.3. 국회 ····································································································· 81 2.4. 사법부 ································································································· 83 2.5. 민간 기업체 ·························································································· 85 2.6. 언론사 ································································································· 87 2.7. 시민단체 ······························································································ 89 2.8. 종교단체 ······························································································ 91 3. 한국 사회 갈등의 심각성 ·································································· 93 4. 사회 갈등 유발의 가장 주요한 요인 ··················································· 95 5. 본인 귀속 계층 ················································································· 97 6. 한국 사회의 경제력 수준의 평등 ······················································ 99 7. 세대 내 계층 이동 가능성 ······························································· 101 8. 세대 간 계층 이동 가능성 ······························································· 103 03. 국가/가계 경제 및 직업 1. 현재 국가 경제 상황에 대한 인식 ···················································· 105 2. 향후 국가 경제 전망 ······································································· 107 3. 현재 가계 경제 상황에 대한 인식 ···················································· 109 4. 향후 가계 경제 전망 ······································································· 111 5. 본인의 일에 대한 만족도 ································································ 113 6. 청소년 대상 본인 직업 추천 의향 ···················································· 115 7. 타인의 본인 직업 수행 난이도 ························································· 117 8. 향후 가계 소득 감소에 대한 불안감 ················································· 119 9. 직업 위세 ······················································································· 121 9.1. 택시기사 ··························································································· 121 9.2. 신문기자 ··························································································· 123 9.3. 간호사 ······························································································ 125 9.4. 이발사 ······························································································ 127 9.5. 관공서 국장 ······················································································· 129 9.6. 아파트 경비원 ··················································································· 131 9.7. 목수 ·································································································· 133 9.8. 파출부 ······························································································ 135 9.9. 중학교 교사 ······················································································· 137 9.10. 세탁소 주인 ····················································································· 139 9.11. 자영농 ····························································································· 141 9.12. 공장 작업반장 ················································································· 143 9.13. 공장 직공 ························································································ 145 9.14. 은행 대리 ························································································ 147 9.15. 연예인 ····························································································· 149 9.16. 판사 ································································································ 151 9.17. 동사무소 직원 ················································································· 153 9.18. 대학교수 ························································································· 155 9.19. 중소기업 과장 ················································································· 157 9.20. 자동차 정비공 ················································································· 159 9.21. 군 장성 ···························································································· 161 9.22. 미싱공 ····························································································· 163 9.23. 백화점 직원 ····················································································· 165 9.24. 막노동자 ························································································· 167 9.25. 전자대리점 사장 ·············································································· 169 9.26. 대기업 부장 ····················································································· 171 9.27. 음식점 주인 ····················································································· 173 9.28. 행상 ································································································ 175 9.29. 교통 경찰관 ····················································································· 177 9.30. 약사 ································································································ 179 04. 가족/성 역할 1. 가정생활 전반적 만족도 ································································· 181 2. 결혼에 대한 인식 ············································································ 183 3. 이혼에 대한 인식 ············································································ 185 4. 남편과 아내의 공감가는 역할 유형 ·················································· 187 5. 생계 유지 수단 확보 시, 추가 소득을 위한 경제활동 지속 의향 ········· 189 6. 가정의 소득 부담 주체 ···································································· 191 7. 여성의 경제/사회 활동 확대에 대한 전반적 인식 ······························ 193 8. 여성 관련 의견 공감도 ···································································· 195 8.1. 엄마가 취업을 하면 미취학아동에게 좋지 않은 영향을 미친다 ············· 195 8.2. 여성이 전일제로 일하면 대체로 가족생활에 좋지 않은 영향을 미친다 ·· 197 8.3. 여성이 밖에서 일을 하면, 그 여성과 가족은 보다 행복해질 것이다 ······· 199 8.4. 남편과 부인 모두 가구소득에 기여해야 한다 ······································· 201 8.5. 전일제 직업을 갖는 것은 여성이 독립적인 인간이 되는 가장 좋은 방법이다 ··················································································· 203 8.6. 남편의 일은 돈을 버는 것이고, 부인의 일은 가정을 돌보는 것이다 ······· 205 05. 자녀/교육 1. 자녀에 대한 인식 ············································································ 207 2. 희망 자녀 ······················································································· 209 2.1. 평소 희망 자녀 수 ·············································································· 209 2.2. 희망 자녀 성별 형태 ··········································································· 211 2.3. 희망 자녀 성별 수 ·············································································· 213 3. 현재 자녀 ······················································································· 215 3.1. 현재 자녀 성별 형태 ··········································································· 215 3.2. 현재 자녀 성별 수 ·············································································· 217 4. 총 소득 중 자녀 교육비의 비중 ························································ 219 5. 자녀 교육 비용에 대한 부담 수준 ···················································· 221 6. 향후 자녀 교육을 위해 소득 중 최대 지불 의향 비율 ························· 223 7. 자녀 교육 수준에 대한 인식 ···························································· 225 8. 자녀 관련 의견 공감도 ···································································· 227 8.1. 자녀가 좋은 학력을 갖지 못하면 사회에서 살아가기 어려울 것이다 ····· 227 8.2. 자녀는 최소한 부모만큼의 사회경제적 지위를 가져야 한다 ················· 229 8.3. 부모가 자녀에게 해줄 수 있는 것 중에서 교육이 가장 크다 ·················· 231 8.4. 자녀의 성적은 부모로서의 점수와 동일하게 생각된다 ························· 233 8.5. 자녀의 교육을 위해서 부모는 직업 또는 일을 희생해야 한다 ··············· 235 06. 고령화/저출산 1. 고령화 시대 진입으로 인한 사회문제의 심각성 ································ 237 2. 저출산 시대 진입으로 인한 사회문제의 심각성 ································ 239 3. 인구 구조 변화가 본인 삶에 미치는 영향 ········································· 241 4. 부문별 인구 감소의 영향 ································································ 243 4.1. 1인당 생활 수준 ················································································ 243 4.2. 노동생산성 ························································································ 245 4.3. 국방력 ······························································································ 247 4.4. 취업여건 ··························································································· 249 4.5. 노인에 대한 부양 부담 ······································································· 251 4.6. 여성, 장애인, 노인 인력활용 ······························································ 253 4.7. 환경의 쾌적성 ··················································································· 255 5. 인구 감소 문제에 대한 정부 대책 마련 의견 공감도 ·························· 257 6. 인구문제 해결 방안에 대한 동의 여부 ············································· 259 6.1. 출산 장려지원 강화 ··········································································· 259 6.2. 외국 이민 및 노동력 수입 ··································································· 261 7. 본인 노년 불안감 ············································································ 263 7.1. 내 문제를 다른 누군가가 결정한다는 생각을 하면 불안하다 ················ 263 7.2. 사람들이 나를 무시할까봐 걱정이다 ··················································· 265 7.3. 나이가 들었을 때 인생이 아무런 의미가 없을까봐 두렵다 ···················· 267 8. 평소 노인 관련 인식 ······································································· 269 8.1. 나는 노인과 만나면, 때때로 눈을 마주치는 것을 피한다 ······················ 269 8.2. 노인이 나에게 말거는 것을 좋아하지 않는다 ······································· 271 8.3. 노인들은 따로(별도 구분되는) 지역운동시설을 사용하면 좋겠다 ········· 273 8.4. 노인들의 주거공간은 따로(별도로 구분되어) 마련되는 것이 좋다 ········ 275 07. 심리적 충족감 1. 본인의 삶에 대한 행복감 ································································ 277 2. 최근 1년 간 스트레스로 인한 질환 발생 여부 ··································· 279 3. 자살 충동 ······················································································· 281 3.1. 최근 1년간 자살 충동 여부 ································································· 281 3.2. 자살 충동 주 이유 ·············································································· 283 08. 생활환경 1. 사회 안전에 대한 불안감 ································································ 285 2. 행정서비스 만족도 ········································································· 287 3. 복지서비스 만족도 ········································································· 289 4. 향후 확충해야 할 복지서비스 ·························································· 291 5. 여가시간의 양에 대한 만족도 ·························································· 293 6. 여가시간 활용 방식에 대한 만족도 ·················································· 295 7. 최근 3개월간 여가 활동 ·································································· 297 7.1. 문화예술 활동 ··················································································· 297 7.2. 여행 및 야외 레포츠 활동 ··································································· 299 7.3. 컴퓨터 게임 ······················································································· 301 7.4. 애완동물 돌보기 ················································································ 303 8. 최근 1년 간 각종 공연 및 행사 관람 수준 ········································· 305 8.1. 연극 ·································································································· 305 8.2. 클래식음악, 국악, 오페라, 발레, 무용 ················································· 307 8.3. 대중음악, 댄스, 마술 등의 이벤트 ······················································· 309 8.4. 뮤지컬, 팝 오페라, 마당극 ·································································· 311 8.5. 영화 ·································································································· 313 8.6. 미술 및 유물(박물관) 전시회 ······························································ 315 8.7. 스포츠 경기 ······················································································· 317 9. 1주일 평균 운동 시간 ····································································· 319 10. 활동 운동의 종류 ·········································································· 321 11. 최근 1개월 간 독서 여부 ······························································· 323 12. 최근 1개월 간 독서 도서 유형 및 수 ··············································· 325 12.1. 교양서적 ························································································· 325 12.2. 직업/직무서적 ················································································· 327 12.3. 학업서적 ························································································· 329 12.4. 생활/취미/정보서적 ········································································· 331 09. 미디어/소통 1. 하루 평균 인터넷 이용 시간 ···························································· 333 1.1. 1주일 전반 ························································································ 333 1.2. 평일 ·································································································· 335 1.3. 휴일 ·································································································· 337 2. 하루 평균 텔레비전 시청 시간 ························································· 339 2.1. 1주일 전반 ························································································ 339 2.2. 평일 ·································································································· 341 2.3. 휴일 ·································································································· 343 3. 정치, 경제, 사회 현안 뉴스에 대한 관심도 ······································· 345 4. 정치, 경제, 사회 현안 관련 정보 습득 매체 ······································ 347 4.1. 매체 유형별 ······················································································· 347 4.2. 세부 매체별 ······················································································· 349 5. 1주일 평균 매체별 정치, 경제, 사회 뉴스 접촉일 ······························ 353 5.1. 신문 ·································································································· 353 5.2. 잡지 ·································································································· 355 5.3. TV 방송 ···························································································· 357 5.4. 라디오 방송 ······················································································· 359 5.5. 인터넷 ······························································································ 361 6. 1주일 평균 주변인별 정치, 경제, 사회 현안 대화/토론일 ·················· 363 6.1. 직장동료 ··························································································· 363 6.2. 가족 ·································································································· 365 6.3. 친구 ·································································································· 367 6.4. 이웃 ·································································································· 369 7. 정기적 참여 오프라인 사회활동 모임의 수 ······································· 371 8. 정기적 참여 오프라인 사회활동 모임의 종류 ··································· 373 9. 1주일 기준 인터넷 뉴스 이용 수준 ·················································· 375 9.1. 포털사이트를 통한 뉴스 이용 ····························································· 375 9.2. 언론사의 홈페이지나 애플리케이션 ···················································· 377 9.3. 소셜 미디어, 블로그, 커뮤니티, 메신저, 이메일 링크 인터넷 뉴스 ········ 379 10. 포털사이트 뉴스 이용 행태(포털사이트 1일 이상 이용 대상) ·········· 381 10.1. 메인 페이지의 뉴스 제목이나 사진을 보고 뉴스를 클릭해 이용 ··········· 381 10.2. 뉴스 코너에서 관심 있는 분야/주제의 뉴스를 찾아서 이용 ·················· 383 10.3. 뉴스 코너에서 특정 언론사의 뉴스를 찾아서 이용 ······························ 385 10.4. 내가 미리 설정한 뉴스(MY 뉴스, 구독 뉴스 등)를 통해 이용 ·············· 387 10.5. 보고 싶은 기사를 검색 창에 입력해 찾아 이용 ···································· 389 10.6. 실시간 검색 순위에 오른 인물이나 사건을 찾아 이용 ························· 391 10.7. 필요한 정보를 검색하다가 관련 뉴스를 이용 ······································ 393 11. 포털사이트 뉴스 이용 언론사(포털사이트 1일 이상 이용 대상) ······ 395 10. 법과학 1. 범죄자 유전자 데이터베이스 시행에 대한 찬반 ································ 397 2. 범죄자 유전자 데이터베이스 시행에 대한 찬반 이유 ························ 399 2.1. 찬성 이유(중복응답) ·········································································· 399 2.2. 반대 이유(중복응답) ·········································································· 401 3. 범죄자 유전자 데이터베이스 입력대상 범죄 항목의 확대 찬반 ········· 403 4. 철거 관련 범죄자 유전자 데이터베이스 대상 제외에 대한 인식 ········ 405 5. 유전자 보관 및 활용 시기에 대한 인식 ············································· 407 6. 변사체 유전자 검사 시행 및 자료 보관에 대한 찬반 ·························· 409 7. 화학 데이터베이스 분석/저장/활용에 대한 찬반 ······························· 411 8. 디지털포렌식에 대한 찬반 ······························································ 413 9. 법과학 기술의 개인 정보/신체적 자유 제한 우려에 대한 의견 ··········· 415 10. 법과학 발전 중요 요소 ·································································· 417 11. 정치/이념 1. 정당 지지도 ··················································································· 419 2. 정당 호감도 ··················································································· 421 2.1. 새누리당 ··························································································· 421 2.2. 더불어민주당 ···················································································· 423 2.3. 국민의당 ··························································································· 425 2.4. 정의당 ······························································································ 427 3. 최근 투표 참여 성향 ······································································· 429 4. 이념 성향 ······················································································· 431 5. 한국 정치 상황 만족도 ···································································· 433 6. 바람직한 정치 제도 ········································································ 435 7. 평소 관심 주제의 비중 ···································································· 437 부록. 조사 설문지 1차 조사 설문지 ················································································· 441 2차 조사 설문지 ················································································· 461